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Digg it UP - Booster Pumps
I have always said that if I were to write a book on effective management principles, the first chapter in that book would be about the importance of pinpointing responsibility among an owner’s or a general manager’s reporting units. After all, one of the most popular definitions of management is getting work done through others.#1 Management Pitfall: An unwillingness to delegate.Many times the owner or general manager is the most knowledgeable and the most capable person in the company; he or she can perform many tasks better than anyone else. The problem arises when managers decide that they are the only people in an organization who can really perform a task “right.”While this may be true, when managers feel a strong need to be in total control by personally taking charge of the company’s most critical tasks, they have made a very personally limiting decision. Why? Because any single person has just so many hours in a day. So managers who are poor at delegating are limited by their own personal mental and physical stamina.A manager friend of mine recently told me a great story that I believe illustrates this point extremely well. This pa
Typical Booster Installation
(1) Evaporator (2) Gauge (3) Condenser (4) Mechanical Booster
(5) backup Pump
Everest ................. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
Calculating the Pump Capacity: -
Based on the fundamental gas laws PV= RT, an expression can be derived for Volumetric Flow Rates required for pumping different vapors/gases. Based on the Mass flow rates one can estimate the pump capacity required.
V = R . Tgas / P Q1/M1 + Q2/M2 ............. Qn/Mn
Where V = Inlet Volume flow rate m3/hr.
R = Universal gas Constant, 83.14 mbar m3/ Kgmol x ?K
Tgas = Gas/Vapor abs. Temp, in ?K
P = Process Absolute Pressure in mbar
Q1, Q2, Q
Right about the time the infomercials were really starting to dominate late-night television, I was attending underground theatre. It was a multimedia presentation that showed actors living their lives and gigantic screen overheads with Stepford-like hosts jamming infomercials at both the characters and the audience. It was the bazaar but they were able to pull it off because of those infomercials, was quite profound, quite futuristic, Big Brotherish.But avant garde theatre aside, from all outward signs in infomercials appear to be any credibly lucrative way to sell your products. I have no idea what the airtime costs, nor the production of the actual infomercials itself, but I know they must be profitable because they continue to dominate late-night television. You have to wonder what audiences they are reaching though. At these times the only ones watching must be either insomniacs or late shift workers. But I'm sure that those individuals who are paying for the infomercials are well aware of their demographic.Another interesting facet is the incredible claims of the advertisers and their hysterical pitches. They are loud, campy, histrionic, way too chee
Mechanical Vacuum Boosters are dry pumps that meet most of the ideal vacuum pump requirements. They work on positive displacement principle and are used to boost the performance of water ring /oil ring /rotating vane /piston pumps and steam or water ejectors. They are used in combination with any one of the above mentioned pumps, to overcome their limitations. Vacuum booster pumps offer very desirable characteristics which make them the most cost effective and power efficient option.
The major advantages are:-
(a) Can be integrated with any installed vacuum system such as Steam Ejectors, Water Ring Pumps, Oil Sealed Pumps, Water Ejectors, etc.
(b) The vacuum booster is a Dry Pump as it does not use any pumping fluid. It pumps vapor or gases with equal ease. Small amounts of condensed fluid can also be pumped.
(c) Vacuum boosters are power efficient. Very often a combination of Vacuum Booster and suitable backup pump results in reduced power consumption per unit of pumping speed. They provide high pumping speeds even at low pressures.
(d) Boosters increase the working vacuum of the process, in most cases very essential for process performance and efficiency. Vacuum Booster can be used over a wide working pressure range, from 100 Torr down to 0.001 Torr (mm of mercury), with suitable arrangement of backup pumps.
Everest ...................... Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
(e) It has very low pump friction losses, hence requires relatively low power for high volumetric speeds. Typically, their speeds, at low vacuums are 20-30 times higher than corresponding vane pumps / ring pumps of equivalent power.
(f) Use of electronic control devices such as Variable Frequency Control Drive allow to modify vacuum boosters operating characteristics to conform to the operational requirements of the prime vacuum pumps. Hence they can be easily integrated into all existing pumping set up to boost their performance.
(g) Vacuum boosters don't have any valves, rings, stuffing box etc., therefore, do not demand regular maintenance.
(h) Due to vapor compression action by the booster, the pressure at the discharge of booster (or inlet of backup pump) is maintained high, resulting in advantages such as low back streaming of prime pump fluid, effective condensation even at higher condenser temperatures and improvement of the backup pump efficiency.
The Table below gives a rough estimate of how the boosters enhance the working vacuums of the processes when installed in combination with various types of industrial vacuum pumps currently used in the industry. They can effectively replace multistage steam ejectors, resulting in considerable steam savings and reduced loads on cooling towers. Mechanical Vacuum Boosters are versatile machines and their characteristics depend largely on backing pump. Various types of backing pump can be used, depending upon the system requirement and ultimate vacuum needs. However, the final vacuum is governed by the suitable selection of the backing pump and booster arrangement. The table below gives a broad range of vacuum achieved with various backing pumps combinations.
Vacuum Pump Expected vacuum Vacuum on installation Range of Booster (single stage)
Single Stage Ejector 150 Torr 15 - 30 Torr
Water Ejector 100 Torr 10 - 20 Torr
Water Ring Pump 40 - 60 Torr 5 - 10 Torr
Liquid Ring Pump 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Piston Pumps 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Rotary Piston Pumps 0.1 Torr 0.01 Torr
Rotary Vane Oil Pump 0.01 - 0.001 Torr 0.001 - 0.0001 Torr.
Everest ................ Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
For example, if a process is using water ring Pump, the estimated working vacuums would be of the order of about 670-710 mmHg gauge (90-50 mmHg abs.), largely depending on the water temperature and pump design. When a Booster is installed prior to the water ring pump, in series, the vacuum levels of the order of 5-10 Torr can be easily achieved. In a Multi-Stage booster installation, vacuum levels of the order of 0.5 Torr & better can easily be expected. Mechanical Boosters offer a completely dry pumping solution and do not add to any vapor load, unlike steam ejectors, and therefore, do not require large inter stage condenses. At low vacuums, higher pumping speeds are required to maintain the through-put, since the specific volume increases with the increase in vacuum. Vacuum boosters enhance the pumping speeds by about 3-10 times depending upon the selection by virtue of which one can expect higher process rates and through-puts. The drawbacks of steam ejector system such as sensitivity to motive fluid pressures and discharge pressure are overcome easily by the Mechanical Boosters, since the volumetric displacements/pumping speeds are insensitive to the inlet & outlet working pressures.
Typical Booster Installation
(1) Evaporator (2) Gauge (3) Condenser (4) Mechanical Booster
(5) backup Pump
Everest ................. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
Calculating the Pump Capacity: -
Based on the fundamental gas laws PV= RT, an expression can be derived for Volumetric Flow Rates required for pumping different vapors/gases. Based on the Mass flow rates one can estimate the pump capacity required.
V = R . Tgas / P Q1/M1 + Q2/M2 ............. Qn/Mn
Where V = Inlet Volume flow rate m3/hr.
R = Universal gas Constant, 83.14 mbar m3/ Kgmol x ?K
Tgas = Gas/Vapor abs. Temp, in ?K
P = Process Absolute Pressure in mbar
Q1, Q2, Q3
There are hundreds of thousands of business plans floating around and attempting to find a funding home. I receive hundreds of business plans annually myself, and can definitely state that 99% of these documents are laughable as presentations of an exciting investment opportunity. I am not referring to the value of the product being described, rather the presentation that purports to describe an exciting investment situation.One of the reasons that so many plans are so poorly written, and there are many, many additional reasons, is that the writers do not understand how plans are read. Investment banks, venture capital firms, family offices, angel firms, banks and blind investment pools receive a stack of plans for consideration every day. Typically a junior reader, often a recent MBA, is assigned to read and screen the plans editing out all of the obvious losers. The remaining business plans are then marked up after sections are read in the following order: Executive Summary, Financials, Management, and Exit Strategy.Why is the order in which a business plan is read important to recognize? Because, these are the areas that must be powerfully and compellingly a
Everest ...................... Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
(e) It has very low pump friction losses, hence requires relatively low power for high volumetric speeds. Typically, their speeds, at low vacuums are 20-30 times higher than corresponding vane pumps / ring pumps of equivalent power.
(f) Use of electronic control devices such as Variable Frequency Control Drive allow to modify vacuum boosters operating characteristics to conform to the operational requirements of the prime vacuum pumps. Hence they can be easily integrated into all existing pumping set up to boost their performance.
(g) Vacuum boosters don't have any valves, rings, stuffing box etc., therefore, do not demand regular maintenance.
(h) Due to vapor compression action by the booster, the pressure at the discharge of booster (or inlet of backup pump) is maintained high, resulting in advantages such as low back streaming of prime pump fluid, effective condensation even at higher condenser temperatures and improvement of the backup pump efficiency.
The Table below gives a rough estimate of how the boosters enhance the working vacuums of the processes when installed in combination with various types of industrial vacuum pumps currently used in the industry. They can effectively replace multistage steam ejectors, resulting in considerable steam savings and reduced loads on cooling towers. Mechanical Vacuum Boosters are versatile machines and their characteristics depend largely on backing pump. Various types of backing pump can be used, depending upon the system requirement and ultimate vacuum needs. However, the final vacuum is governed by the suitable selection of the backing pump and booster arrangement. The table below gives a broad range of vacuum achieved with various backing pumps combinations.
Vacuum Pump Expected vacuum Vacuum on installation Range of Booster (single stage)
Single Stage Ejector 150 Torr 15 - 30 Torr
Water Ejector 100 Torr 10 - 20 Torr
Water Ring Pump 40 - 60 Torr 5 - 10 Torr
Liquid Ring Pump 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Piston Pumps 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Rotary Piston Pumps 0.1 Torr 0.01 Torr
Rotary Vane Oil Pump 0.01 - 0.001 Torr 0.001 - 0.0001 Torr.
Everest ................ Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
For example, if a process is using water ring Pump, the estimated working vacuums would be of the order of about 670-710 mmHg gauge (90-50 mmHg abs.), largely depending on the water temperature and pump design. When a Booster is installed prior to the water ring pump, in series, the vacuum levels of the order of 5-10 Torr can be easily achieved. In a Multi-Stage booster installation, vacuum levels of the order of 0.5 Torr & better can easily be expected. Mechanical Boosters offer a completely dry pumping solution and do not add to any vapor load, unlike steam ejectors, and therefore, do not require large inter stage condenses. At low vacuums, higher pumping speeds are required to maintain the through-put, since the specific volume increases with the increase in vacuum. Vacuum boosters enhance the pumping speeds by about 3-10 times depending upon the selection by virtue of which one can expect higher process rates and through-puts. The drawbacks of steam ejector system such as sensitivity to motive fluid pressures and discharge pressure are overcome easily by the Mechanical Boosters, since the volumetric displacements/pumping speeds are insensitive to the inlet & outlet working pressures.
Typical Booster Installation
(1) Evaporator (2) Gauge (3) Condenser (4) Mechanical Booster
(5) backup Pump
Everest ................. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
Calculating the Pump Capacity: -
Based on the fundamental gas laws PV= RT, an expression can be derived for Volumetric Flow Rates required for pumping different vapors/gases. Based on the Mass flow rates one can estimate the pump capacity required.
V = R . Tgas / P Q1/M1 + Q2/M2 ............. Qn/Mn
Where V = Inlet Volume flow rate m3/hr.
R = Universal gas Constant, 83.14 mbar m3/ Kgmol x ?K
Tgas = Gas/Vapor abs. Temp, in ?K
P = Process Absolute Pressure in mbar
Q1, Q2, Q
We might be in the electronic gaming era, but it’s more like a fun game of Monopoly this business for pleasure of sport franchise ownership. The stakes are high, spending free, and visible worries few.Despite the escalating fees for entry into the game, personal franchise ownership hasn’t been replaced by corporations. Of 121 big league professional sports franchises, only 15 have found their way into corporate hands. Most owners claim to be losing money which would explain takeover shyness of shareholder controlled companies. It’s nicer to think sole owners don’t want to sell because sports ownership is too much fun. A nice break from the normal business routine that brought them their wealth in the first place.What are these businesses worth?Unlike traditional industry, sport franchises derive their value from their ability to generate revenue. There are several reasons for this. Within a league, other owners are not the competition. Operating expenses are comparable one team to another. Revenues tend to move in relation to on field performance, the size of the venue, and home market size. Sharing in lucrative national broadcast rights is equal across
The Table below gives a rough estimate of how the boosters enhance the working vacuums of the processes when installed in combination with various types of industrial vacuum pumps currently used in the industry. They can effectively replace multistage steam ejectors, resulting in considerable steam savings and reduced loads on cooling towers. Mechanical Vacuum Boosters are versatile machines and their characteristics depend largely on backing pump. Various types of backing pump can be used, depending upon the system requirement and ultimate vacuum needs. However, the final vacuum is governed by the suitable selection of the backing pump and booster arrangement. The table below gives a broad range of vacuum achieved with various backing pumps combinations.
Vacuum Pump Expected vacuum Vacuum on installation Range of Booster (single stage)
Single Stage Ejector 150 Torr 15 - 30 Torr
Water Ejector 100 Torr 10 - 20 Torr
Water Ring Pump 40 - 60 Torr 5 - 10 Torr
Liquid Ring Pump 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Piston Pumps 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Rotary Piston Pumps 0.1 Torr 0.01 Torr
Rotary Vane Oil Pump 0.01 - 0.001 Torr 0.001 - 0.0001 Torr.
Everest ................ Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
For example, if a process is using water ring Pump, the estimated working vacuums would be of the order of about 670-710 mmHg gauge (90-50 mmHg abs.), largely depending on the water temperature and pump design. When a Booster is installed prior to the water ring pump, in series, the vacuum levels of the order of 5-10 Torr can be easily achieved. In a Multi-Stage booster installation, vacuum levels of the order of 0.5 Torr & better can easily be expected. Mechanical Boosters offer a completely dry pumping solution and do not add to any vapor load, unlike steam ejectors, and therefore, do not require large inter stage condenses. At low vacuums, higher pumping speeds are required to maintain the through-put, since the specific volume increases with the increase in vacuum. Vacuum boosters enhance the pumping speeds by about 3-10 times depending upon the selection by virtue of which one can expect higher process rates and through-puts. The drawbacks of steam ejector system such as sensitivity to motive fluid pressures and discharge pressure are overcome easily by the Mechanical Boosters, since the volumetric displacements/pumping speeds are insensitive to the inlet & outlet working pressures.
Typical Booster Installation
(1) Evaporator (2) Gauge (3) Condenser (4) Mechanical Booster
(5) backup Pump
Everest ................. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
Calculating the Pump Capacity: -
Based on the fundamental gas laws PV= RT, an expression can be derived for Volumetric Flow Rates required for pumping different vapors/gases. Based on the Mass flow rates one can estimate the pump capacity required.
V = R . Tgas / P Q1/M1 + Q2/M2 ............. Qn/Mn
Where V = Inlet Volume flow rate m3/hr.
R = Universal gas Constant, 83.14 mbar m3/ Kgmol x ?K
Tgas = Gas/Vapor abs. Temp, in ?K
P = Process Absolute Pressure in mbar
Q1, Q2, Q
Fundraising can be a really daunting task. After all, it will not be easy to convince someone to part with their hard-earned money. You need to provide them with a very good reason or give an incentive that they cannot refuse!There are actually a lot of things that one can do for a fundraising campaign with sports in mind. You can sell stuff, provide service or just ask for donations. The list is endless.Of course, the kind of campaign that you will be instituting will not only generate income for your organization but will also determine the kind of image that you will be projecting to potential donors in years to come.Yes, although it can be a big pressure especially for first-time organizers, every event and campaign that the organization will do will determine the way people sees the organization. This is why it is important to be able to put a good show.Below are just some fundraising ideas that you can do for your organization.Selling is inAlthough it may seem that everybody is doing it, selling goods and services is still the best way to raise money for charity. Your product or service will of course depend on the kind of targ
Liquid Ring Pump 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Piston Pumps 20 - 30 Torr 2 - 5 Torr
Rotary Piston Pumps 0.1 Torr 0.01 Torr
Rotary Vane Oil Pump 0.01 - 0.001 Torr 0.001 - 0.0001 Torr.
Everest ................ Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
For example, if a process is using water ring Pump, the estimated working vacuums would be of the order of about 670-710 mmHg gauge (90-50 mmHg abs.), largely depending on the water temperature and pump design. When a Booster is installed prior to the water ring pump, in series, the vacuum levels of the order of 5-10 Torr can be easily achieved. In a Multi-Stage booster installation, vacuum levels of the order of 0.5 Torr & better can easily be expected. Mechanical Boosters offer a completely dry pumping solution and do not add to any vapor load, unlike steam ejectors, and therefore, do not require large inter stage condenses. At low vacuums, higher pumping speeds are required to maintain the through-put, since the specific volume increases with the increase in vacuum. Vacuum boosters enhance the pumping speeds by about 3-10 times depending upon the selection by virtue of which one can expect higher process rates and through-puts. The drawbacks of steam ejector system such as sensitivity to motive fluid pressures and discharge pressure are overcome easily by the Mechanical Boosters, since the volumetric displacements/pumping speeds are insensitive to the inlet & outlet working pressures.
Typical Booster Installation
(1) Evaporator (2) Gauge (3) Condenser (4) Mechanical Booster
(5) backup Pump
Everest ................. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
Calculating the Pump Capacity: -
Based on the fundamental gas laws PV= RT, an expression can be derived for Volumetric Flow Rates required for pumping different vapors/gases. Based on the Mass flow rates one can estimate the pump capacity required.
V = R . Tgas / P Q1/M1 + Q2/M2 ............. Qn/Mn
Where V = Inlet Volume flow rate m3/hr.
R = Universal gas Constant, 83.14 mbar m3/ Kgmol x ?K
Tgas = Gas/Vapor abs. Temp, in ?K
P = Process Absolute Pressure in mbar
Q1, Q2, Q
Substitute teaching! How would the world manage without the substitute teacher? School systems would perish, children would be ignorant, contract teachers would have to work all the time, principals would jump off tall buildings and parents would cry.That is why substitute teachers are paid half the salary that contract teachers get. Fair enough; after all, the substitute doesn’t have to plan everything, doesn’t have to attend tedious faculty meetings where the administrator and his most ambitious teachers drone on for hours about nothing. The substitute has it cushy.Well, not entirely. No benefits. The substitute teacher never knows whether or not there will be work the next day; has to be ready to jump into the fray at the early morning behest of the district substitute clerk, or, more likely, a recorded telephone message.The substitute teacher (ST) doesn’t know anyone’s name, doesn’t know which child or teacher or administrator is harboring delusions of royalty, doesn’t know where the bathrooms are, doesn’t know which chair in the teacher’s lounge is reserved for the grand dame; oh, it is a sorry existence. But it is halfway decent work compared to te
Typical Booster Installation
(1) Evaporator (2) Gauge (3) Condenser (4) Mechanical Booster
(5) backup Pump
Everest ................. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
Calculating the Pump Capacity: -
Based on the fundamental gas laws PV= RT, an expression can be derived for Volumetric Flow Rates required for pumping different vapors/gases. Based on the Mass flow rates one can estimate the pump capacity required.
V = R . Tgas / P Q1/M1 + Q2/M2 ............. Qn/Mn
Where V = Inlet Volume flow rate m3/hr.
R = Universal gas Constant, 83.14 mbar m3/ Kgmol x ?K
Tgas = Gas/Vapor abs. Temp, in ?K
P = Process Absolute Pressure in mbar
Q1, Q2, Q3 = Gas / Vapor flow rate, in Kg/hr.
M1 , M2 ,M3 = Molar mass, in Kg/mol. of gas /vapor.
Booster Operation:
Power Constraints restrict the total differential pressures across the booster. This demands to ensure the total differential pressure across the Booster must not exceed the rated limits. This can be ensured by any of the following means:-
1.) Manual method:- Initially the fore pump is switched on until the required cut in pressure is achieved and there-after the booster is switched on.
2.) Auto method:- Installation of mechanical By-pass arrangement across the booster or hydro kinematic drive or Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). In this arrangement, the booster and fore pump can be started simultaneously from atmosphere.
Advantages of using Electronic Variable Speed Control Device Electronic A.C Variable Frequency Control Drives are most preferred devices used to regulate the Booster speed to match the varying load conditions of the process. These drives enhance the overall performance of the Boosters and offer various advantages for the trouble free operation.
The major advantages are: -
1. Booster can be started directly from atmosphere.
Everest ................... Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology
Boosters for Vacuum Process © Everest Transmission January, 2005.
2. No need for separate pressure switch, by pass line or offloading valves.
3. Considerable savings in power.
4. Prevents over-heating of Boosters.
5. Protects the Booster against overload and excessive pressures.
6. Offers complete protection to motor against over voltage, under voltage, over current,
Over-heating, ground fault.
7. Eliminates the needs of separate starter and overload relays for the Motor.
8. Automatically adjusts the speed of Booster between low and high range set giving high
pumping speeds with relatively low input power.
The Electronic Variable Frequency Control Drive is a microprocessor based electronic drive which is specially programmed to meet the demands of the Booster allowing it to operate directly from atmosphere along with suitable fore pump. Conventionally, Boosters can be started only after achieving fore vacuum in the range of 30 - 100 Torr, as they are not recommended for direct discharge into the atmosphere. Use of Pressure Switch, Hydro kinematic drive and by pass valves is necessary to prevent the overloading of the Booster. However with the installation of Electronic Variable Frequency Control Drive all the conventional methods can be bypassed since the drive is programmed to regulate the Booster speed automatically, keeping the load on motor within permissible limits. This allows the Booster to start simultaneously with backup pump. When the backup-pump and Booster are started the drive reduces the Booster speed to the pre-set levels and as the vacuum is created the Booster speed picks up, reaching the final pre-set speed, giving most optimum performance over the entire range. Since all the parameters are easily programmable, one can adjust the booster pumping speeds to match the system requirements easily and quickly. The drive limits the current to the motor and safeguards the motor against over voltage, under voltage, electronic thermal, overheat ground faults. i.e. protects the motor against all possible faults. External computer control over all aspects of booster performance is possible via RS485 serial interface built into the drive electronics. This enables the Booster to be integrated into any computer-controlled operating system.
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